Journal of Woman and Family Studies

The Relationship between Social Participation and Sense of Security among Women in Ilam City

Document Type : Research/Original/Regular

Authors

1 The boardAcademic. Al-Zahra University

2 Professor at Ilam University

3 Ph.D. Student in Women and Family Studies,

4 Al-zahra Univercity

Abstract

The current study has been carried out in order to evaluate and investigate the relationship between women’s social participation and their sense of security in Ilam City. This descriptive analytical study uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The statistical population of the study includes all the 18-year-old and older women currently living in Ilam City and the size of the sample at the qualitative stage was 20 participants, selected using the snowball sampling method, and the size of the sample for the quantitative stage was 400 participants determined by Cochran’s formula and selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method. At the first stage, i.e. the qualitative stage, the required data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and at the second stage, i.e. the quantitative stage, the required data were gathered through a questionnaire designed by extracting items from the interviews of the qualitative stage. The validity of the questionnaires was determined using content validity and their reliability was measured using Cronbach’s alpha, which resulted in coefficients equal to 0.92 and 0.72 for the questionnaire on social participation and the questionnaire on sense of security, respectively. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software application. The findings of the study show that there is a significant relationship between the two variables of social participation and sense of security. Moreover, there is a significant relationship between various components of social participation, including public participation, political participation, and association participation, and sense of security.

Keywords

  1.  

    1. Ahmadi, Muhammad; Kaldi, Alireza (2013) Sense of Social Security among Women and Social Factors Affecting it in Sanandaj City, Periodic Journal of Social Wellbeing, 13 (49), 305-321. (text in persian)
    2. Almasi, Masoud (2016) Evaluating Factors Related to Sense of Social Security among Women Living in a Residential Complex; Journal of Women Psychological and Social Studies, No. 1, 103-127. (text in persian)
    3. Azkia, Mostafa; Ghafari, Gholamreza (2001) Assessing the Relationship between Trust and Social Participation in Rural Areas of Kashan; Periodic Journal of Social Sciences, No. 18. (text in persian)
    4. Bani Fatemeh, Hossein; Salimi, Amina. (2011). A sense of youth social security and related social factors. Community Studies. Vol 3, No 12, 59-77. (text in persian)
    5. Bapiri, Omid Ali, Kamarbeigi, Khalil, Darvishi, Farzad (2015), Investigation of Feeling Social Security and Some of its Related Factors (Case study: students of universities and higher education centers in Ilam), a scientific Promotional Quarterly Journal, Vol. 16, No. 46 and 47, 75-90. (text in persian)
    6. Buzan, B. (2000) Security Studies: Beyond Strategy, Dinamarca: Copenhagen Peace
    7. Carreras, M. (2018), Why no gender gap in electoral participation? Electoral Studies volume 52, April 2018, Pages 36-45
    8. Chalabi, Masoud (1996) Sociology of Order; Tehran: Ney Publications. (text in persian)
    9. Coleman, James (1990) Foundations of Social Theory; Translated into Persian by Manuchehr Sabouri, Tehran, Ney Publications, First Edition. (text in persian)
    10. Crank, J. P. et al (2003). Fear of crime in a nonurban setting, Journal of Criminal Justice, 31, 249-263.
    11. Ghafari, Gholamreza; Nikbin Sedaghati, Fatemeh; Esmaeilzadeh, Khaled (2012) Women’s Social Participation and its Effects on Family Wellbeing (Case Study: Zone Nine of Tehran City), Journal of Women and Family Studies, 5 (18), 33-62. (text in persian)
    12. Ghafari, Gholamreza; Niazi, Mohsen (2006) Sociology of Participation, Tehran: Nazdik Publications. (text in persian)
    13. Ghasemi, Yarmohammad, Sepidnameh, Behrooz, Gheisarian, Eshagh (2015), Investigating the amount of triple types of social capital, Quarterly Journal of Socio - Cultural Development Studies, Vol 3 (3): 61-90. (text in persian)
    14. Ghasemi, Yarmuhammad; Rostami, Batoul (2014) Evaluating the Relationship between Social Capital and the Development of Urban Areas in Ilam City; Periodic Journal of Wellbeing and Development Planning, No. 20. (text in persian)
    15. Gallardoe, Pilar Serrano, Celia Fiorati, Regina, Ricardo, Arcêncio, Javier Segura del Pozo, Milagros, Ramasco-Gutiérrez, (2017), Intersectorality and social participation as coping policies for health inequities-worldwide, Gaceta Sanitaria, Available online 19 September 2017.
    16. Harsich, Hussein; Mahmoud Oghli, Reza (2012) Evaluating the Relationship between Political Participation and Sense of Social Security among Citizens of Isfahan; Journal of Strategic Research on Social Security and Order, 1 (2), 1-20. (text in persian)
    17. Hezarjaribi, Jafar; Keshvari Charmi, Mostafa; Faroughi, Elham; Moteghadem, Aghil (2014) Assessing the Level of the Sense of Social Security and Factors Affecting it in Tehran City, Periodic Journal of Social Wellbeing and Development Planning, No. 20, 1-42. (text in persian)
    18. Intezari, Ali; Asadpour, Ahdieh; Ahmadi Ahang, Kazem (2015) Sense of Social Security and Factors Affecting it in Nour City with an Emphasize on Police Performance, Periodic Journal of Social Order, Year Seven, No. 4. (text in persian)
    19. Kruger, D. J. et al (2007). Assault injury rates, social capital and fear of neighbourhood crime. Journal of Community Psychology, 35(4), 483-498.
    20. Mazloum Khorasani, Muhammad; Ismaeili, Ata (2010) Investigating the Level of Sense of Security among Women in Mashhad City in 2006-2007 and Factors Affecting it, Journal of Social Sciences of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 7 (2). (text in persian)
    21. Manourian, Abbas, Nargesian, Abbas, Fattahi, Mehdi, Vasegh, Bahareh, (2010), A study of the relationship between public accountability, public participation and public trust in government organizations: Twenty-two districts of Tehran. Quarterly Journal of Teacher of Humanities in Management Research in Iran, Year 14, No. 3, 274-251. (text in persian)
    22. Mosallanejad, Abolghasem; Fakhr al-Sadat, Pilten. (2014). Investigating the social factors affecting the feeling of social security (studied by female students of Jahrom universities). Society Studies, Volume 6, Number 22, 109-122. (text in persian)
    23. Niazi, Mohsen; Shadfar, Elham (2011) Evaluating the Effects of Social Trust on Sense of Security in Tehran; Periodic Journal of Urban Studies, Islamic Azad University of Dehaghan; 1 (1), 147-178. (text in persian)
    24. Norouzi, Faizollah; Sepehri, Sara (2009) Evaluating 15 to 29-Year-Old Women’s Sense of Security in Tehran City and Social Factors Affecting it; Rahbord Journal, No. 18. (text in persian)
    25. Musai, Maysam, (2013), A Survey of Relationship between Social Participation and Feeling of Social Safety in City Of Tehran, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, December 2013, Vol. 3, No. 12, 164-176.
    26. Okunola, Segun, Amole, Dolapo, (2012), Perception of Safety, Social Participation and Vulnerability in an Urban Neighbourhood, Lagos, Nigeria, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 35 ( 2012 ) 505 – 513.
    27. Putnam, Robert (2001) the Democracy of Civil Traditions (the Experience of Italy, Lessons for Nations in Flux), Muhammad Taghi Delforouz; Tehran: Salam Newspaper Publications. (text in persian)
    28. Rad, Firouz; Savabi, Hamideh (2015) Evaluating Tendency towards Pregnancy and Related Social Factors (Case Study: 15 to 50-Year-Old Married Women Living in Tabriz City); Journal of Women and Family Studies, 3 (1), 127-155. (text in persian)
    29. Raeisosadati, Reihaneh (2013) Aggression towards Women Based on Quranic Interpretations; Journal of Women and Family Studies, 1 (1), 119-158. (text in persian)
    30. Ranjbarian, Rasoul (2011) Women, Social Participation, and Entrepreneurship, Journal of Occupation and Society, No. 132-133, May-July, 2011, 84-92. (text in persian)
    31. Rezazadeh, Mahdi; Alami, Mahmoud (2015) Evaluating the Relationship between Sense of Social Security and Social Participation among High School Students in Shout City, Journal of Sociology Studies, 6 (23). (text in persian)
    32. Roshani, Shohreh; Gharavi Naeini, Nahleh; Bastani, Sousan (2015) Women’s Experience of Sense of Calmness in Marital Life: a Qualitative Study Using the Basic Theory Approach, Journal of Women and Family Studies, 3 (2), 61-89. (text in persian)
    33. Rostami, Farzad; Rostami, Samira. (2017). Trust and sense of security in the border areas of Kermanshah province (Case study: Paveh and Javanroud counties). Research Journal of Nations, Vol 2, No 21, 15-25. (text in persian)
    34. Sadeh Miri, Zahra, Rezaei, Shahin (2016) The Relationship between Social Capital and Safety in Women between 15-45 Years Old Ilam, Islamic Journal of Human Sciences, No. 11, (text in persian)
    35. Saroukhani, Bagher; Hashemnejad, Fatemeh (2011) Relationship between Social Capital and Sense of Security among the Youth in Sari City, Periodic Journal of Sociology among the Youth, 2 (2), 81-94. (text in persian)
    36. Samadi Bageh Jan, Jamil (2005) Social Security in Sanandaj City, MA Dissertation, Tehran: Tehran University. (text in persian)
    37. Shaygan, Fariba; Saremi BNouzar, Amin; Abbasi, Zeinab (2015) Social Capital and Sense of Security (Case Study: High School Students of Zone Four in Tehran City); Journal of Welfare Planning and Social Development; 6 (23). (text in persian)
    38. Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
    39. Su, Aw, et al, (2017), Explaining the continuum of social participation among older adults in Singapore: from 'closed doors' to active ageing in multi-ethnic community settings, Journal of Aging Studies, Volume 42, August 2017, Pages 46-55.
    40. Tajbakhsh, Gholamreza; Javanmard, Karamollah; Tarafi, Alireza (2013) Analyzing the Relationship between Social Capital and Sense of Social Security in Hamidieh City, periodic Journal of Social Security Studies, No. 33, 13-45. (text in persian)
    41. Tavassoli, Gholam Abbas; Mousavi, Marzieh. (2005). The concept of capital in classical and modern theories with emphasis on theories of social capital. Social Sciences Letter, 26 (26), 1-32. (text in persian)
    42. United Nations, (2016), Human DEloPMENT REPORT.
    43. Vatani, Ali (2007) Evaluating Factors Influencing the Increase in Motivation of Individuals for Social Participation in Golestan Province, MA Dissertation of Sociology. (text in persian)
    44. Yarmohammad Touski ,Maryam, Hajabolhasani, Hannaneh, Rahimizadeh, Payam, Jafari, Noushin(2012) Assessing social elements influencing to social security feeling among 16-30 year old women in Iran (case study in Tehran 2012) , 2nd International Conference on Humanities, Geography and Economics (ICHGE'2012) Singapore, page 28-29, April.
Journal of Woman and Family Studies
Volume 8, Issue 1 - Serial Number 16
April 2020
Pages 215-254