Document Type : Research/Original/Regular

Authors

• Jamal Beigi ¹
• Roghayeh Khodadadi ²

¹ Associate Professor, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran

² Graduate M.A, Criminal Law & Criminology, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran

Abstract

One of the most important areas for the growth & development of crime & victimization is the separation of family & divorce. When the foundation of the family is shaken, the moral & social foundations of the whole social system are shaken and the society is led to various problems. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of divorce on women's victimization in Tabriz. Applied research is of descriptive-survey type. The statistical population of the study consists of all divorced women in Tabriz. The sample size was used by Cochran's formula for unlimited communities. Due to the discretion of the professor, the number of divorced women for sample size was approximately 170 randomly selected by the researcher, information was collected. To obtain the research results, SPSS software and one-sample parametric T-test were used to analyze the data according to the normal distribution of data and the univariate of the test. Results of the T test indicate that all tests were significant and the test results showed that the individual, economic & social effects of divorce on women's victimization in Tabriz have an effect due to the positive T & the significance level of less than 0.05. It is positive. Results of this study show that the occurrence of divorce & its individual, social & economic criminological consequences has a very direct effect on women’s victimization,with the increase of divorce, the rate of crime increases & with the decrease of divorce, this rate decreases.

Highlights

Extended abstract

Background and purpose

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of divorce on women's victimization in Tabriz. This was an applied descriptive survey study.

Method

The sample size consisted of 170 people who were randomly selected by Cochran's formula, and data were collected using a 19 items researcher-made questionnaire, which assesses the three individual, economic and social effects of divorce on the victimization of divorced women in the city of Tabriz. Its face and content validity was approved by 12 experts in the field of divorce based on the Lawshe model. Some additional data was collected by taking notes and using the library method. Therefore, the data collection is based on the library and field method. Given the normal distribution of data and univariate nature of the study, a one-sample parametric t-test was used to analyze the data using SPSS software.

Results

According to the T-test and a significance level of less than .05, all results are significant and showed that the individual, economic and social effects of divorce on women's victimization in Tabriz are positive and significant. The results showed that divorce and its individual, social and economic criminological consequences directly affected women's victimization. In other words, there is a positive relationship between women's levels of victimization divorce rates. In explaining the findings of this study, it can be said that the economic and social status of divorced women and the importance that society places on them, and the existing attitudes towards these women are among the influential factors in their victimization rate.

Conclusion

In a religious and traditional city like Tabriz, divorced women are highly degraded in terms of social status. People's negative preconceptions toward them, poor economic situation, and being excluded by family and friends are among the negative consequences of divorce that lead to women's victimization. The majority of divorced women face irreversible and traumatic anxiety and stress. They see themselves as rejected, and people are always suspicious of them. The indecent culture of the society reinforces this negative attitude in dealing with divorce, especially divorced women. This is where potential criminals see them as a good target for their crimes as they know that these women do not have social support, and even society and the criminal justice system may blame them after being victimized. That is why they refuse to report their victimization, and the divorced women's reaction to the crime-to conceal their victimization- is in favor of the criminals and motivates them towards divorced women as the target of the desired crime. This situation is exacerbated when divorced women are rejected by their families and do not have criminal and social protection and increase their victimization rate. Therefore, to prevent victimization, more attention should be paid to the divorced women who primarily have been harmed by society and its people so that the raising of their children does not face any problems. Of course, in addition to judicial and financial protections, it is essential that these protections, especially for sexual victimization, include psychological support by establishing specialized centers to recover victimized divorced women.

Keywords

• Divorce
• Divorce Effects
• Divorced Women
• Women Victimization
• Tabriz